Hashize iminsi ibiri Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi (EU) usinyanye na Leta y’U Rwanda amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. Ni amasezerano yahise asamirwa hejuru na Leta ya kongo abayobozi bayo bayamagana. Bavuga ko u Rwanda amabuye y’agaciro rucuruza ari ayo rwiba mu gihugu cya Kongo. Hashize umunsi umwe, Perezida wa Kongo Antoine Felix Tshisekedi mu magambo ye agize ati "Ni gute igihugu cyatera imbere kuriya nta bundi butunzi gifite, atari ukubiterwa no kwiba amabuye yacu"(ngerageje kugenekereza uko yabivuze Ndlr). Nguko uko kandi haba muri guverinoma nka Minisitiri Lutundula yatangaje ko igihugu cye gitegereje ibisobanuro bya Komisiyo ya EU ku isinywa ry’aya masezerano. Uretse abo, haba ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, abanyekongo benshi intero yari iyo. Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi wasubije ko wiyemeje gukorana n’ibihugu biri mu nzira y’iterambere bifite imishinga irambye nk’u Rwanda, binyuze muri gahunda ya ‘Global Gateway’.
Icyiza I Rwanda, induru i Kongo
Nyuma yo kurebana ay’ingwe kumaze hafi imyaka ibiri (nubwo na mbere hose bitari shyashya), leta ya Kongo ishinja u Rwanda gufasha umutwe witwaje intwaro wa M23, urwana uharanira uburenganzira bw’abakongomani bavuga ikinyarwanda. Hejuru y’ibi ariko kuva mu myaka 30 ishize iki gihugu kigashinja U Rwanda gusahura ubukungu bwa Kongo biciye mu kwiba amabuye y’agaciro. Ndetse n’imwe mu miryango mpuzamahanga yagiye ivuga ko U Rwanda ari icyambu kinyuzwamo amabuye yibwe avuye i Kongo. Ibi byavuzweho kenshi.
Ariko igikomeje kwibazwaho ni disikuru zigera aho zivuga ko U Rwanda nta buye ry’agaciro rugira ko amabuye yose rugurisha ruyakura muri Kongo. Ibi sinzi niba ababivuga baba baziko babwira injiji cyangwa ari disikuru ziherekejwe n’urwango zakirwa n’abo rwasaze ntibashungure, ariko U Rwanda rufite amabuye y’agaciro. Mu buto rwarwo ntirwagira nk’aya Kongo ikubye u Rwanda inshuro 84. Ariko kuva mu mashuri abanza twize amabuye ya gasegereti, wolufuramu, tantalite, zahabu yacukurwaga muri Gifurwe, Rutongo, Miyove n’andi masites menshi. Sosiyete nka REDEMI izwi mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro mu bice bya Rutongo kuva mu gihe cy’ubukoroni.
Abenshi kandi bazi inkundura y’iboneka rya Coltan mu Karere ka Muhanga mu mwaka wa 1998 ubwo abantu badukiriye ibirombe bakabicukura koko, Coltan yari imaze kugaragara ku rwego rw’isi ikitwa manu nk’imwe yo mu ijuru bahawe. Ibi ni ibizwi na buri wese. Muri icyo gihe, abaturage bamwe mu guhaga amafaranga yayo ngo bajyaga bafata inzoga bakamena ku butaka babushimira bati butaka waraduhaye. Ndetse kugira ngo hirindwe n’akavuyo, Leya y’U Rwanda yashyizeho ikigo cyihariye gishinzwe gukurikirana iby’amabuye y’agaciro, gaz na peteroli. Harya ubwo ibyo yabishyizeho ishyize imbere amabuye ya Kongo.
Mu mpera za Mutarama 2024 Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangaje ko yasinyanye amasezerano n’ikigo mpuzamahanga Rio Tinto Minerals Development Limited kizobereye mu bucukuzi no gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro, kizashakisha no gucukura Lithium mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba. Aya mabuye yatangiye kuboneka mu Rwanda mu myaka ya 2020. Muri uwo mwaka ni na bwo agaciro kayo ku isoko mpuzamahanga katangiye gutumbagira dore ko igiciro cya toni imwe y’ayo mabuye cyavuye ku 44.090$ cyariho mu 2022 kikagera ku 61.520$ muri uyu mwaka wa 2023.
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo gishinzwe Mine, Peteroli na Gaz mu Rwanda, Amb. Yamina Karitanyi, yavuze ko kuba ikigo Rio Tinto kinjiye mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro Rwanda, bigaragaza ubushake igihugu gifite mu guteza imbere ubucukuzi bwayo.
Yagize ati: “Rio Tinto kwinjira mu Rwanda bigaragaza gahunda y’u Rwanda yo kurushaho kwagura no guteza imbere urwego rw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro."
Mu by’ukuri si uko abayobozi ba Kongo bayobewe ko mu Rwanda hari amabuye y’agaciro nubwo atangana n’ayabo. Ariko kwihandagaza uti "nta buye na rimwe kiriya gihugu kigira" simbibona nko kwangisha igihugu kivugwa mu baturage bawe gusa, ahubwo ni no kubagira injiji zirenze. Ikoranabuhanga ryaraje aho mu rurirmi rwose wakwandika kuri murandasi ukamenya amabuye y’agaciro aba mu Rwanda ikoranabuhanga rikayaguha. Hari dipolomasi hakaba no gukabya mu mitekerereze idaha agaciro abenegihugu cyane ku bijyanye no kubaha amakuru.
Iyo rero ibi bibaye disikuru za guverinoma, n’abategetsi bakuru ntibigaragara nko gusebya ubutegetsi muri iyi minsi Kongo ihanganye nabwo bw’U Rwanda ahubwo ni no kuyobya uburari kuri "agenda politique" igihugu cyagombye kuba giha abenegihugu bacyo cyangwa ibindi kibagomba kitabaha.
Mu bukire gifite munsi y’ubutaka ikigihugu cya Kongo kiri mu bihugu byamunzwe na ruswa ku nzego zoze. Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ni kimwe mu bihugu bikungahaye ku mutungo kamere. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, igihugu kibona iterambere ry’ubukungu ryabangamiwe n’ibibazo bya politiki ariko nanone kikaba kidahwitse ku bijyanye n’imari y’igihugu.
Felix Tshisekedi amaze kugera ku butegetsi muri 2019, kurwanya ruswa n’imikoreshereze mibi y’umutungo byari muri gahunda ze zikomeye. Ni yo mpamvu, mu 2020, yashyizeho Alingete Jules nk’umuyobozi w’ubugenzuzi bukuru bw’imari mu rwego rwo gusuzuma uko imari y’igihugu ikoreshwa.
Icyakora, muri 2022 Kongo yari ku mwanya wa 166 mu bihugu 180 ukurikije icyegeranyo cyasohowe na Transparency International. Dukurikije imibare yatanzwe n’umuryango, 80% by’abakoresha ibikorwa by’ingirakamaro batanze ruswa mu mezi 12 ashize.
BBC yaganiriye na Jules Alingete, ukuriye ubugenzuzi bukuru bwo kugenzura imari muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Yamubajije ngorane ahura nazo muri ako kazi. Jules yasubije ko icya mbere ari ruswa yakirakwiye mu nzego zose. Ati "Nta rwego na rumwe rwasigaye". Aha niho rero urebera ko ibipfa byinshi muri iyi minsi byoroswa umutaka w’u Rwanda.
Imitwe myinshi irenga 120 iri muburasirazuba bwa Kongo, imyinshi muri yo mu duce ifite ihakorera ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. Yewe ayo mabuye ni nayo ayibeshaho. Birashoboka ko muri forode agurishwamo haba hari n’anyura mu Rwanda. Birashoboka cyane. Ariko se niba yose atahanyura, ko aba yacukuwe mu buryo butemewe, Kongo ikaba ititunganyiriza amabuye yayo y’agaciro, ayo mabuye aca he? Uburasirazuba bwa Kongo ni igice kimwe gito kuri Kongo. Katanga icukurwamo amabuye y’agaciro menshi anyura muri Zambia ajya gucuruzwa. Ese amabuye y’Uburasirazuba bwa Kongo "yibwa" n’U Rwanda niyo yabujije Kongo gutera imbere byagera aho perezida w’icyo gihugu yibaza ngo iki gihugu gituranyi gitera imbere kuriya gite kidafite ubutunzi kamere?
Buriya rero kugira ubwoko bw’inshi bw’ibiryo mu nzu ni kimwe kubicunga ni ikindi, kurya neza nabyo ni ikindi. Uba muri uru Rwanda abona intumbero za politiki rufite. Aho rushaka kugana ndetse n’ingufu zishyirwa mu kugira mgo ruve aha rujye ahandi, rutere imbere. Rushobora kutagira byinshi, ariko bike bihari bigahabwa umurongo w’uko bikoreshwa buri wese abazwa ibyo ashinzwe. Kugira isuku, kugira gahunda na discipline mu mikorere ntibisaba gutunga ibirombe bya zahabu na coltan. Ariko iyo myitwarire iyo yimakajwe izana abashoramari baza bakurikiye izo ngamba zibaha umwanya (espace) wo gukoreramo. Kuba igihugu gifite umuriro, umutekano, cyorohereza abashoramari, ibyo biroroshye nga abafite amafaranga yabo baze bashoremo kijye mbere.
Binavuze kandi ko kutabigira bibatera kwikandagira kuko ntawe ushora aho adateganya kunguka.Ese Kongo ibyo yarabibuze? ntiyabibuze. Ariko yabuze abayobozi babifata nk’intego (motto) bakabitoza abo bayoborana n’abenegihugu bikababamo umuco.
Umunsi umwe, abasirikari n’abapolisi bo mu karere bari mumahugurwa mu Rwanda bajya gutemberera i Gisenyi ariko banaga ijisho n’i Goma. Umurundi warimo aravuga ati "ariko abanyarwanda muri abagome. Mukubura imyanda yanyu hano Rubavu mwarangiza mukayirungika muri Kongo"? Ibyo yashakaga kuvuga birumvikana. Iterambere ry’ibihugu rituruka ku ihinduka ry’imigirire ku bintu bito bito kugeza ku binini buri wese abigizemo uruhare. Wasobanura gute ko igihugu nka Kongo kitagira kompanyi y’indege? Iyari ihari yamaze guhagarara mu kwa 9 umwaka wa 2023, kuko indege 2 zari zishaje zikenewe guhindurirwa moteur.
Indi yari yagiye gukanikwa mu gihugu cya Malte ariko nayo ntiragaruka. Hejuru y’ibyo, yari yugarijwe n’umwenda munini ugera kuri miliyoni 100 z’amadolari. Gari ya moshi zihakoreshwa ni izo mu gihe cy’Ababiligi, inzira zazo ntizitunganijwe. Nyamara ariko abaturanyi bo mu karere nka Kenya na Tanzania bageze kure bavugurura gari ya moshi zabo bazigendanisha n’igihe. Igihugu rero cyagombye kureba ibi kikanabishakira ibisubizo aho gupfuka abaturage mu maso ko U Rwanda ruteye imbere kubera Kongo. None se yo ibura iki ngo mu bindi bice bitari uburasirazuba bitere imbere, abenegihugu babone amashuri, amavuriro, imihanda...
Igihe kirageze ngo mu bibazo Kongo irimo (Ntayifuriza gukomezamo), ifate umurongo ireba ineza y’abaturage bayo. Abayobozi bagakorera abaturage aho kubyuka bose basoma abasuye U Rwanda, amasezerano yasinywe, nuko bose bakajya aho mu kuyamagana ukwezi kwashira bakagana kuri banki bagahembwa.
Ibi byo gukinga abaturage U Rwanda mu maso biha icyuho ba rusahuriramunduru bareba abandi bahugiye muri ibyo ubundi bakanyereza bitonze. Igihugu Antoine Felix yifuzaga kuzagira Ubudage bwo muri Afurika bikagarangira kigaburira abandi cyo cyararembejwe n’inzara. Ibi bikemurwa na ba nyirabyo, na politiki zihamye kandi zifite intego ndende, aho buri wese afite kandi abazwa inshingano, kandi aho ushoboye ari we ukomeza.
Bwiza.com
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