Imyaka ibaye hafi ibiri, Urukiko rwa Rubanda rw’i Paris, mu Bufaransa, ruhamije burundu Ngenzi Octavien na Barahira Tito kugira uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994. Nyamara ku bahohotewe b’i Kabarondo, mu Burasirazuba, na n’ubu nta ndishyi! Uretse kuzitekeza no kwizera. Kuri bamwe basanga kubona indishyi biri kure nk’ukwezi.
Nta mwana, nta muryango, ahora mu bwigunge ! Hari n’ubwo yibaza icyateye Imana kumurokora mu batutsi barenga 2.000 biciwe muri Kiliziya ya Kabarondo, kuri urya munsi wo ku wa gatatu taliki ya 13 Mata 1994. Umukecuru DMK, w’imyaka 63, nta cyo atarwaye : inguma z’amacumu, impiri n’imipanga umubiri wose ; umwijima, impyiko, diyabete, umutima n’izindi ndwara zidakira zikomoka kuri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994. Ku baturanyi be, yitwa « wa mukecuru utunzwe n’imiti, umara igihe cye kinini kwa muganga kurusha iwe ».
Ngo akabi kose kamuteraniyeho: karimo ako asangiye na bamwe nko kuba inkeho, n’ak’ uburwayi budakira. Harimo n’ak’ubukene asangiye na benshi mu bahohotewe b’i Kabarondo, abo jenoside yaciye amaboko yakabunganiye mu mibereho ya buri munsi. Dore ko DMK na we, kuri 13 Mata 1994, umuryango we wose washiriye ku icumu rya Ngenzi na Barahira, ku Kiliziya cya Kabarondo. Muri iki gihe cyo #Kwibuka26, byose arabitekereza akibaza byinshi ku buzima bubi bukomoka kuri jenoside. Kimwe na bagenzi be, barimo na bamwe mu bahohotewe bagiye i Paris gushinja Ngenzi na Barahira, agira ati: « Kuki imitungo y’aba bicanyi ikomeza gutunga imiryango yabo ino, no kuvamo ingemu bohererezwa mu mahanga bo n’imiryango yabo, aho gukurwamo indishyi ku bahohotewe? »
Indishyi zizaza barapfuye ?
Kimwe n’ahandi henshi mu gihugu, ikibazo cy’indishyi ku bahohotewe muri jenoside kizamura impaka mu biganiro byabo. Muri bo harimo umukecuru CMK w’imyaka 65 ; muri Mata 1994, yapfakaye afite imyaka 39, asigarana umwana umwe wa bucura mu bana 5. Asobanura ko yabuze byose agira ati « ubu nagombye kuba, jye n’umusaza, dukikijwe n’ingo z’abana bacu, n’abakazana, dushyigikiwe n’abakwe, abakazana n’abuzukuru. None nshaje niha amaboko ! » Ubwo yakoraga urugendo rw’i Paris, ngo yari azi neza ko agiye gushinja abamugize inkeho, bakabiryozwa ndetse bakanatanga indishyi. « Nabonyeyo Ngenzi, abana be banganaga n’abanjye n’abuzukuru be, bose batengamaye. Kumusiga afunze burundu se ni byo ndishyi ? Uretse agahinda nagarukanye, ubundi naje amara masa, imbere y’imitungo ye ikimukamirwa ! »
Mu byaha byaburanishijwe mu rukiko rw’i Paris, ntihumvikanyemo icyo gusambanya abagore ku ngufu nk’intwaro mu gihe cya jenoside. Bamwe muri bo nka CMK na mugenzi we PNK, bababazwa no kuba bagenda « bapfa buhoro buhoro, uruhongohongo, kubera indwara zikomoka kuri jenoside nka SIDA zibashegesha kubera ubukene butuma batifata neza. Ubutabera butegereje se kuduha indishyi twarapfuye ? »
Ese ni akagambane k’ubutabera ?
Indishyi, nk’agaciro k’igihombo abahohotewe batejwe n’icyaha bakorewe, birimo n’icyaha cya jenoside, ni ihame mpuzamahanga ritagomba gushidikanywaho. Gusa igitangaje ni ukubona iryo hame ryarirengagijwe ubwo Urukiko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (TPIR) rwahabwaga inshingano zo kuburanisha bamwe mu banyarwanda, biganjemo abayobozi, bakekwagaho icyaha cya jenoside. Bisa n’aho, mu Rwanda, Ubutabera bw’u Rwanda, binyuze mu Ngereko zihariye zaburanishije ubwambere icyaha cya jenoside, bwagerageje kuziba cyiriya cyuho ku ndishyi.
Itegeko ngenga ryo, ku wa 30 Kanama 1996 ryerekeye ikurikiranwa ry’ibyaha bigize icyaha cya jenoside cyangwa ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu byakozwe hagati y’italiki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990 n’iya 31 Ukuboza 1994 ryahaga abahohotewe uburenganzira bwo kuregera indishyi. Ibi byatumye mu manza zigera ku bihumbi 4, hagenwa n’indishyi Leta y’u Rwanda, nk’umufatanyacyaha, yagombaga gufatanya kwishyura n’abakatiwe. « Ubwo butabera bwaheze mu mpapuro z’amarangizarubanza, n’ubu bamwe bashobora kuba bagifite bategereje ubutabera. Iki kibazo cy’indishyi cyashoraga kubonerwa igisubizo n’Inkiko gacaca, nk’ubutabera bwatangagwa n’abanyarwanda buhabwa abanyarwanda. Nyamara Inkiko gacaca zatanze ibindi zibagirwa indishyi. Nta wamenya niba byarabaye kwibeshya cyangwa byarakozwe nkana, gusa n’itegeko rya gacaca ryirengagije kuregera indishyi, maze mu gusoza, riteganya ko « ibyerekeye indishyi bizateganywa n’itegeko ». Na n’ubu kuva muri 2012, iryo tegeko riracyatezwe amaso !
Mu byo Inkiko gacaca zatanze, harimo indishyi nk’agaciro k’imitungo yononwe cyangwa yasahuwe muri jenoside. None se kuki ikibazo cy’indishyi ku mitungo yononwe na Ngenzi na Barahira cyo kitigeze kivugwaho muri Gacaca, kandi barakatiwe kubera ubwicanyi ? Bose ntibazi impamvu. Uwahohotewe RDB we agira ati « Twahumwe n’ubujiji. Ubundi abo twaregaga ni bo twaregeraga, kuko imiryango yabo yari ikomeye muri gacaca . Ubonye ngo batwime, natwe tukiyima. Izi ndishyi ziracyari kure nk’ukwezi ! ».
Uwitwa RYJ, uvuga ko yapfushije abantu barenga 100 mu muryango mugari, we asa nuca urubanza rw’ubutabera, akibaza ukuntu « bwagiye inama yo kudaha indishyi abanyarwanda bakorewe jenoside ». Kuri we ngo ntibugira « impuhwe z’abari bafite amaboko n’ibintu ubu bakaba ari incike, z’abana bari bafite ababyeyi babatunze ubu bakaba bandagaye, z’abamugajwe na jenoside batagishoboye kugira icyo bimarira ».
Tanga igitekerezo