Nubwo yafatiwe mu gihugu cy’u Bufaransa, umunyemari Kabuga Felicien, ukurikiranweho kugira uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ngo yari yaragize igihugu cya Kenya akarima ke, ameze nk’ugifite mu biganza bye ari nabyo byamushoboje kumara igihe kinini ahihishe, ahakomereza ibikorwa bye nk’uko byemezwa n’ibinyamakuru bitandukanye byo muri Kenya.
Kabuga Felicien, wari umuntu wa kabiri uhigwa kurusha abandi ku Isi kubera jenoside, nyuma ya Osama Bin Laden, wari umaze imyaka 26 yihishe ubutabera yatawe muri yombi ku itariki 16 Gicurasi 2020 afatiwe I Paris mu Bufaransa, mu gihe igihugu cya Kenya ari cyo cyakomeje gukekwaho gucumbikira umuntu wa mbere washakishwaga ku Isi ashinjwa uruhare muri jenoside.
IRMCT, Urwego rwashyiriweho kurangiza imanza zasizwe n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga rwa Arusha, TPIR, rwatangaje ko Kabuga yafatiwe hafi y’I Paris n’abayobozi b’u Bufaransa nyuma y’iperereza ku bufatanye n’ibiro by’umushinjacyaha w’uru rwego.
Umushinjacyaha Brammertz w’urwego IRMCT yashimiye ibihugu birimo u Rwanda, u Bubiligi, u Bwongereza, u Budage, u Buholandi, Autriche, Luxembourg, u Busuwisi, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Polisi y’u Burayi (EUROPOL) ndetse na Polisi Mpuzamahanga (INTERPOL) ku ruhare rwabyo mu ifatwa rya Kabuga, ariko igihugu cya Kenya nticyashimirwa mu gihe inzego zacyo nazo zari mu bikorwa byo kumushakisha.
Ikinyamakuru Daily Nation cyo muri Kenya mu nkuru yacyo yo kuri uyu wa Kabiri, itariki 02 Kamena, cyahaye umutwe ugira uti : “Ifatawa rya Kabuga mu Bufaransa ryazamuye kwibaza ku ihuriro na Kenya”, yibutsa ko mu myaka myinshi hakomeje kwizerwa ko Kabuga yihishe muri Kenya.
Uyu mugabo wavutse mu 1935, yakomeje gufatwa nk’umwe mu batanze ibikoresho byifashishijwe mu gushyira mu bikorwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994 yahitanye abasaga miliyoni mu mezi atatu.
Inyandiko z’urukiko zuzurijwe mu nkiko zo muri Kenya, zagaragazaga ko Kabuga yari umunyemari wari ukuriye Ikigega gishinzwe ubwirinzi bw’igihugu (National Defence Fund), kandi yari umuntu wa hafi wa Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana.
Hagaragazwa ko ku butegetsi bwa Habyarimana imbaraga za politiki n’ibijyanye n’imari byari byikubiwe n’agatsiko kamwegereye kari kayobowe n’umuryango we.
Kabuga Felicien yari umwe mu bantu bari imbere muri aka gatsiko kamenyekanye nk’ ‘Akazu’. Abakobwa be babiri bari bashakanye n’abahungu ba Perezida Habyarimana. Kabuga kandi yari umuterankunga w’ishyaka MRND ryari ku butegetsi.
Nyuma yo kubona ‘Akazu’ kambuwe igihugu, Kabuga yahise ahungira mu Busuwisi, ariko ntiyahamara igihe ahita yirukanwa.
Bivugwa ko yahise ajya i Kinshasa mbere yo kwimukira muri Kenya, aho yageze agakingirwa ikibaba na Guverinoma ya Daniel Arap Moi nk’uko Daily Nation ikomeza ivuga.
Mu 1997, Kabuga yashinjwe ibyaha birindwi bya jenoside birimo gushaka gukora itsembabwoko, ubufatanyacyaha muri jenoside, gushishikariza mu buryo butaziguye no gukangurira rubanda gukora jenoside, umugambi wo gukora jenoside, gutoteza no gutsemba.
Gucika imitego y’Igipolisi
Nyuma yaho, Kenya yasabwe gufasha mu kumuta muri yombi kugira ngo aburanishwe. Ku itariki 19 Nyakanga 1997, ubwo abapolisi bafataga abandi bantu barindwi bakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda i Nairobi mu gikorwa simusiga cyiswe “Operation NAKI” (Operation Nairobi-Kigali), Kabuga yabashije kurokoka uwo mutego w’igipolisi.
Bivugwa ko ubwo abapolisi bageraga mu nzu yabagamo, bahasanze urwandiko yari yandikiwe n’umupolisi mukuru wa Kenya amuburira ko agiye gutabwa muri yombi.
Mu Ukuboza 2008, Kabuga yongeye gucika umutego w’igipolisi i Nairobi, aho abapolisi bari mu gikorwa cyo kumuta muri yombi, bavuze ko bageze aho yari atuye muri Runda estate bagasanga amaze kuhava. Byumvikanisha ko hari uwari umaze kumuburira na none.
Nubwo byitwaga ko ahigwa, Kabuga yabashije kwandikisha no gukora ubucuruzi butandukanye muri Kenya, burimo kubaka amazu yo guturamo no mu bijyanye no gutwara abagenzi muri Nairobi.
Nyuma y’igitutu cy’amahanga, mu 2008, uwari umushinjacyaha mukuru icyo gihe, Amos Wako, yagiye mu rukiko asaba icyemezo cyo gufatira imitungo iri ku butaka izwi nka Espagne Villas ya Kabuga n’umugore we, Josephine Mukazitoni, yacungwaga na Kenya Trust Company Ltd (KTC Ltd).
Umushinjacyaha mukuru yasabye uburenganzira bubuza Kabuga kugurisha uwo mutungo kugeza igihe hazafatirwa umwanzuro ku rubanza rwari rutegerejwe yari akurikiranwemo n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (TPIR).
Kabuga yari yaraguze uyu mutungo mu 1995, hashize imyaka itatu KTC Ltd ihabwa akazi n’umukobwa wa Kabuga witwa Bernadette Uwamariya ko gucunga uwo mutungo.
Nubwo nta aderesi izwi y’aho KTC Ltd yakoreraga, yamaze igihe ikusanya amafaranga ikura muri uwo mutungo ikayohereza kuri konti ya Kabuga muri Banki y’Ubucuruzi ya Afurika (Commercial Bank of Africa).
Iyi konti yaje gufungwa mu 2005, miliyoni 3,5 z’Amashilingi ya Kenya yari ariho yoherezwa kuri konti kabuga yari afatanyije n’umugore we Mukazitoni mu Bubiligi.
Kuva icyo gihe, urukiko muri Kenya rwabwiwe ko KTC yoherezaga buri mezi atatu kuri Banque De La Poste yo mu Bubiligi, Amashilingi ya Kenya 290,000 yavunjijwe mu Mafaranga y’Amafaransa.
Igihembo ku muntu wari kugaragaza aho yihishe
Mu 2002, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika nibwo zashyizeho miliyoni 5$ ku muntu watanga amakuru yageza ku ifatwa rya Kabuga, hadaciye kabiri umunyamakuru Micheal Munule, akorerwa iyicarubozo kugeza apfuye ubwo yiteguraga kumenyesha FBI aho Kabuga yihishe.
Uyu munyamakuru yashyize mu majwi uwari umunyamabanga uhoraho ushinzwe umutekano w’imbere mu gihugu, Zakayo Cheruiyot, aho yemezaga ko kabuga yakoreshaga amafaranga ye ngo agure uburinzi buvuye kuri Cheruiyot, ibirego uyu yahakanye.
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika nazo zaje gushinja Kenya guhishira umuntu ushakishwa n’ubutabera mpuzamahanga mu 2009, ubwo Ambasaderi wa Amerika mu bijyanye no gukurikirana ibyaha by’intambara, Stephen J. Rapp, yashinjaga guverinoma za Moi na Kibaki kuba zaranze gutanga Kabuga.
Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi
Bwana Rapp yavuze ko hari ibimenyetso by’uko ku butegetsi bw’ishyaka KANU, Kabuga yagiye yitabira ibikorwa byabaga byateguwe n’ibikomerezwa muri iri shyaka.
Uyu avuga ko hagiye hashyirwa imbaraga mu guta muri yombi Kabuga ariko bikananirana igihe kirekire. Bivugwa ko gushakisha Kabuga byageze n’aho bishyirwamo abanyamakuru.
Kabuga yagiye avugwaho byinshi by’ukuri n’ibindi bitigeze byemezwa neza. Hari n’aho bivugwa ko hari umusirikare Leta ya Kenya yari yaramuhaye wo kumurinda, ariko akaburirwa irengero nyuma yo kumufotora mu ibanga.
Abashinzwe iperereza kandi bakurikiranye isano ya Kabuga na Kenya na mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi aho yakoreraga business zitandukanye.
Bivugwa ko Kabuga yagenzuraga abakozi b’ibigo by’ubucuruzi yayoboye, nka Kabuga ETS, kuko guhera mu 1992 bivugwa ko yaguze ububiko bunini bw’imipanga, amasuka n’ibindi bikoresho by’ubuhinzi.
Ibyinshi mu byoherejwe byaturutse muri Kenya birimo byibuze imihoro 50.000 yatumijwe muri Werurwe 1994 igahabwa Interahamwe.
Kuva mu 1992, abinyujije muri sosiyete ye “Kabuga ETS” yatumije kandi akwirakwiza imihoro ibihumbi magana iturutse muri Kenya mu rwego rwo kwitegura itsembabwoko. Bikunze kuvugwa ko Kabuga yahaye ubufasha bw’ibikoresho Interahamwe atanga intwaro n’imyambaro, ndetse anabaha ubwikorezi mu modoka z’isosiyete ye, bityo bikaborohereza kugenda, kwihuta no kwica benshi nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru The New Times mu nkuru yacyo yo mu 2009 yari ifite umutwe ugira uti “Iyo umuntu ku giti cye ’yaguze’ igihugu".
Ubwo yagezwaga bwa mbere mu rukiko nyuma y’itabwa muri yombi rye, Kabuga Felicien yahakanye ibyaha byose ashinjwa avuga ko nta Mututsi yigeze yica kuko yakoranaga nabo.
Mu gihe hategerejwe kuri uyu wa Gatatu icyemezo cyo kohererezwa IRMCT cyangwa Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha (ICC), abamwunganira n’umuryango we bo barasaba ko yarekurwa agakurikiranwa yidegembya kubera uburwayi n’izabukuru, ibintu ubutabera bw’u Bufaransa budakozwa buvuga ko ashobora kongera agacika.
Gukomeza ibikorwa bye nta nkomyi, gushora imari mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo kubaka amazu yo guturamo kumara igihe kinini akarinda ahava adafashwe ahanini akoresheje amafaranga ye, gukingirwa ikibaba n’abayobozi ni bimwe mu byemeza ko Kabuga yari yaragize igihugu cya Kenya akarima ke, aho yagiye ahura kenshi n’impamvu z’uburwayi zigatuma ahava ajya gushaka ubuvuzi buteye imbere mu Burayi ari nabyo nyirabayazana y’ifatwa rye.
Tanga igitekerezo