Muri iyi nyandiko ndashaka kuvuga ku Bahanzi, abo bari bo, akamaro kabo mu kurinda, no gusakaza umuco wacu, kugirango turebe niba ibyo bakora tubiha agaciro bikwiye, bityo turebe icyakorwa ngo tubatera ingabo mu bitugu, maze ibikorwa byabo natwe tubigiremo uruhare kuko ari ingirakamaro ku Gihugu cyose.
Ndarangiza mbagezaho ibyifuzo byabafasha kubigeraho.
Umuhanzi ni iki ? Umuhanzi ni nde ?
Umuhanzi ni Umuntu wahawe impano y�ubugeni mu guhanga no kugaragaza ibikorwa (ibihangano) bivuga bikanereka abamureba ishusho y�ubuzima bwabo, bw�isi batuyeho, abahamagarira kubihugukira, no kubyitaho ngo babishakire ibisubizo.
Akamaro k�Umuhanzi :
Nkuko natangiye mbivuga, Umuhanzi ashingira ku muco, akawugereranya n�ubuzima bw�abene gihugu akababwira iyo bava (uruhererekane rw�umuco) n�iyo bajya kugirango bature isi yabo mu mibonere n�imyumvire ishingiye ku Ndangagaciro zaranze Igihugu kugeza magingo aya. Bityo twavuga k�Umuhanzi ari indorerwamo y�igihe cye n�aho aba.
Ikintu giteye impungenge ni uko benshi mu bantu tudasobanukiwe uruhare rw�Umuhanzi, ndetse na bamwe mu bahanzi ubwabo basa n�abatabisobanukiwe, ugasanga dufata abahanzi nk�abashimisha abandi mu myidagaduro, mu birori (loisirs et divertissements) muri politiki bakumva Umuhanzi ari umuntu wakora neza propaganda y�amatwara yabo ndetse akanareshya abayoboke, abanyamadini nabo ni nkabyo, abacuruzi mu kwamamaza ibikorwa byabo, etc.. N�ubwo ibi byose ari byo ariko ndacyeka bipfobya Umuhanzi kuko akamaro ke ari ako kurinda Umoco no kuwamamaza n�ubwo abikora mu bugeni (arts).
Ibyiciro by�abahanzi : bitatu
N�ubwo isi dutuye ari imwe, abahanzi ntibayibona kimwe akaba ariyo mpamvu usangamo ibyiciro bitandukanye. Umubano ushingiye k�uburyo babona isi mu ngeri zayo zitandukanye uratandukanye. Bityo dushingiye kuri iyo ngingo, abahanzi twabacamo ibyiciro nka bitatu :
Ikiciro kitwereka isi nziza, ubuzima buryoshye, mbese bishimiye kubaho.
Abo rero uzasanga baririmba : Urukundo, Ubuvandimwe, Ubufatanye n�ibindi nkabyo. Muri bo hari abishimira imibereho yabo, hakaba n�abavuga ubuzima uko bifuza ko bwamera.
Ingero : Rujindiri mu nanga ye Imitoma, Kayirebwa muri � Marebe atembaho amaribori �
Mavenge Sudi ati � rwamukuye ku Rwesero rumujyana ku Munini �Muyango atubwira ibikurikiraho muri � Musaniwabo �, Masamba akamuherekeza muri � Araje araberewe �,
Ikiciro kitwereka ishusho y�Umuntu wihebye :
Aba batubwira umuntu wagowe, byayobeye, wakomerewe n�ubuzima : Ni abahanzi twakwita ab�ibirego : Inganzo yabo yibanda ku : Agahinda, ibibazo by�insobe by�ubuzima, akarengane, kunanirwa n�urushako n�ibindi n�ibindi. Ikibazo bibandaho ni ikibazo cy�Umunezero.
Ingero : Kureba ibibera muri soci�t� ukabimenyesha bene yo :
Twavuga nka Byumvuhore asubiramo indirimbo � Nyiratunga yaratumye ati abatoya ntibagapfe �, Adela Mukasine �
Ikiciro kitwereka abahanzi bigenga :
Iki kiciro kibamo abahanzi bahanganye n�ubuzima, babureba uko buri, bakabwitegereza bakabiririmba : Bashima ibikwiye gushimwa, bakagaya ibigayitse ndetse kenshi bakajya inama y�igikwiye :
Ingero : Rugamba Sipiriyani � inda nini muyime amayira �, Twagirayezu Kasiyani ati � Umuntu nyamuntu si isura nziza � Impala ziti � Genda Rwanda uri nziza wowe uhumeka amahoro � Mugabo Yusitini ati � Ndayoboza kw�idembe �.
Amateka magufi y�Indirimbo nyarwanda.
Nk�imico yose itandika, ihererekanya ry�umuco, ibitekerezo byanyuzwaga mu nzira y�ubuhanzi, bwaba, gusiga, gutekereza ariko cyane mu ndirimbo. Umuntu akaba yavuga ko indirimbo nyarwanda zingana n�u Rwanda. Mbere y�umwaduko w�abakoloni, indirimbo nyarwanda zimwe muri zo zabaga ziherekejwe n�inanga cyangwa umuduri. Hari ubwo wasangaga indirimbo nyarwanda ari ibisigo biririmbwa. Bityo indirimbo nyarwanda tukaba twazicamo ibice bine : 1/ (Genre lyrique) Ibihozo, Imitoma (urukundo), 2/ Ibigwi n�ibirindiro, Ibyivugo, Ibisingizo ; 3/ Amahamba n�amazina y�Inka, aha umuntu yashyiramo n�amahigi, 4/ Indirimbo zigisha : izivuga indangagaciro, ibibujijwe n�ibyemewe, ubudahemuka, ubunyamugayo, kwamagana ubusambo n�ingeso zigayitse, n�ibindi n�ibindi bireba cyane imitekerereze.
Ibi byose biragaragaza kw�indirimbo zari zifite umwanya wa mbere mu kwamamaza u Rwanda n�umuco warwo ushingiye k�umuco uvuga (tradition orale).
Umwaduko w�abapadiri winjiranye n�indirimbo za gikristu zigishwa abayoboke n�abigisha ba gatigisimu. Zirakwirakwizwa mu mashuli, mu ma seminari, maze batangira kwigisha imiririmbire y�i Burayi. Ibyo byashegeshe indirimbo za kinyarwanda kuko ziriya zigishwaga n�ubutegetsi bushya bwa Leta na Kiliziya kandi aribo bayobora Igihugu. Mu kwigisha izo ndirimbo nyaburayi, yagirango ivane mu banyarwanda iyo miririmbire kuri bo yashoboraga gucengeza ibitekerezo bya gipagani. Biraboneka rero kw�indirimbo gakondo zahazahariye kuko zasimbuzwaga i nyaburayi.
Bifashishije cyane iyinjizwa mu Rwanda ry�ibikoresho bishya bya muzika (accord�on, harmonium, hanyuma guitare. Ibi byafashije guhimba cyane indirimbo za Kiliziya bityo havuka abahanzi bashya mu by�ukuri bahimba kinyaburayi. Muri icyo gihe cya za 1950, indirimbo zahuye n�ibyo twakwita ibyaduka bitatu : umuzika bita classique w�abanyaburayi, Jaz y�abanyamerika b�abirabura, n�umuziki wa gikongomani. Hatangira rero kugaragara indirimbo nyarwanda gakondo n�indirimbo nyarwanda zegereye inyamahanga (chansons rwandaises modernes).
Mu mwaka wa 1962 u Rwanda rubona Radio rwanda, iteza imbere indirimbo gakondo ariko inamamaza za ndirimbo mva mahanga. Murabona ko icyuma cyari gifite ubugi bubiri. N�ubwo indirimbo gakondo zahitaga ndetse buri karere kakabasha kumva ubuhanzi bw�akandi karere, ni nako indirimbo z�inyamahanga zaryoheraga amatwi zigakurura abahanzi bashya bo mu njyana y�inyamahanga. Icyo gihe indirimbo gakondo cyangwa mvuge nti abahanzi gakondo ababashije guhonoka bari bameze nk�abahanganye n�Umusozi ufite imbaraga zibarenze. Ibyo n�ubu niko bikimeze kugeza umunsi wa none ariko aho bigaragara ko rwose tutarebye neza ibya gakondo byarangira mu gihe kitari kure.
Urundi ruhande rw�Ubuhanzi (kuririmba no kubyina ntibisigana)
Ariko ubuhanzi si indirimbo gusa, kuko ubuzima buvugwa mu majwi, bushobora no gukinwa, kwandikwa imbere y�abandi (kubyina).
Ingero :
Bwanakweli na Sentore mu njyana y�umuhamirizo batwereka uko u Rwanda rurengerwa. Uwera Florida yigisha aserukanye n�abakobwa mu ntambwe imwe, intugu zireshya, bagaragaza ibyano : Ibyiza by�umwari w�u Rwanda ingingo ze, intege ze, uburanga bwe, ashingura agana ejuru yerekana k�umunyarwanda atekereza cg agana ku ndangagaciro zo hejuru, ko yakira, impuhwe, Urugwiro.
Ubuhanzi mu mateka y�Igihugu, ibyo cyanyuzemo, Sebatunzi muri � Rukara rwa Bishingwe �
Mu by�ukuri ntawarondora akamaro k�abahanzi mu nyandiko nk�iyi, kuko byasaba igitabo.
Nkuko bigaragara, Urugamba rwo kurinda Umuco w�Igihugu ibyonnyi by�ingeri nyinshi bikomoka kw�iyinjizwa mu Gihugu ubuhanzi bw�indi mico ndetse rimwe na rimwe ifite ingufu usa n�uwahariwe Abahanzi, maze nabo barabyiyemeza, barakotana karahava. Kubera Abahanzi, Umurishyo uracyavuga i Rwanda, Intore ziracyavuna Sambwe, Abakobwa baracyatera imbabazi mu njyana y�intambwe imwe, n�ibindi n�ibindi. Twe se tubamarire iki ?
Munyemerere mbagezeho ibyifuzo nkeka ko byarushaho kubahesha agaciro kandi bikanabatera ishema ryo gushishikarira gukomeza kuko batari bonyine : Ndasaba ko :
– Umuhanzi yahabwa urwego rw�Umutabazi w�Umuco mu Gihugu,
– Buri mwaka habaho umunsi mukuru wo kwibuka abahanzi, bityo buri muhanzi akorerwe igitaramo kihariye , duhereye ku bakiriho ariko n�abatabarutse babikorerwe.
– Nibishoboka, ibigo cyangwa imishinga y�ibirebana n�umuco bihabwe amazinza y�abahanzi baba abakiri ho cyangwa abatabarutse.
Murakagira Umuco n�Abahanzi bo kuwurinda no kuwubashishikariza mu bitaramo nyarwanda
Ntagengwa Servil Omar
Tanga igitekerezo