Kuki mu ntambara n’inyeshyamba kenshi za Leta zishyira imbere imirwano (...)

Kugira ngo ubone aho Leta cyangwa ubutegetsi buhanganye n’inyeshyamba bufata iya mbere mu gusaba ibiganiro n’ababurwanya byagusaba gukora urugendo rwenda kungana n’urujya ku kwezi.

Ibi kandi ubisanga hafi mu moko yose atuye Isi, aho Leta cyangwa ubwami n’ababurwanya bajya kuganira ari uko amazi yarinze kurenga inkombe kandi na mbere hose ibibazo baba bafitanye byarageze kuri urwo rwego buri wese mu bahanganye bakanuye.

Tutagiye kure, dufatire urugero ku ntambara yabaye mu Rwanda mu rugamba rwo kubohoza igihugu, rwaje no gusorezwa ku guhagarika jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ku itariki ya 04 Nyakanga 1994.

Muri uru rugamba rwatangiye ku itariki ya 01 Ukwakira 1990, iminsi yakurikiyeho kugeza rushojwe nta n’umwe wirenze hatabayeho igitekerezo cyo guhagarika intambara no kugana inzira y’ibiganiro ku mpande zose zari zishyamiranye, yaba ubutegetsi bwa MRND bwari buyobowe na General Major Yuvenali Habyarimana, ndetse n’ubuyobozi bwa FPR Inkotanyi icyo gihe yari ikuriwe na Colonel Kanyarengwe Alexis ishami rya Politiki, mu gihe ishami ry’abasirikare bari barangajwe imbere na Major Paul Kagame.

Imishyikirano ya mbere hagati ya FPR Inkotanyi na MRND

Ku ikubitiro ubwo imirwano yabicaga bigacika mu Mutara na Byumba ndetse no mu karere k’ibirunga, nyuma y’amezi 10 rwambikanye, uwari Perezida wa Republika ya Zaire, Marechal Mobutu Kokou Ng’uendu wa Zabanga yatumiye mu biganiro ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana, ndetse asaba na FPR Inkotanyi kuza hagashakishwa icyakemura intambara mu nzira y’amahoro n’ibiganiro.

Ni ibiganiro bivugwa ko byanitabiriwe na Major Kagame ubwe bikavugwa ko ntacyo byatanze kuko mu byo Mobutu yasaba mu buhuza bwe harimo gutanga amafaranga menshi Paul Kagame yashaka yose ariko akareka kurwana, ariko aranga amubera ibamba amusobanurira ko ikibazo Abanyarwanda b’impunzi bari bafite ntaho cyari gihuriye n’amafaranga.

**Paul Kagame na Mobutu Sese Seko mu gihe cy’imishyikirano ya FPR na MRND**

N’ubwo ariko byagenze gutyo, ntibyabujije ko mu myanzuro yafatiwe N’sele ku itariki ya 12 Nyakanga 1992 itubahirizwa. Harimo:

– Guhagarika imirwano ku mpande zombi zari zishyamiranye ndetse no

– Gushyiraho itsinda ry’abasirikare bakomoka mu bihugu bya Afurika badafite abo babogamiye, rikaba ryari rizwi nka NMOG mu magambo ahinnye y’Icyongereza cyangwa GOMN mu mpine mu rurimi rw’Igifaransa, urambuye amagambo ni Groupe des Observateurs Militaire Neutre.

Ni umwanzuro wari washyizwemo ingufu kandi kuko mu Cyumweru cya mbere cya Kanama 1992, abasirikare b’inkwakuzi bari basesekaye mu Rwanda uko bari bemejwe ku mubare wa 50. Ibihugu byari byemeye gutanga abasirikare byarimo Misiri ya Hosni Mubarak, Nigeria yari iyobowe na General Ibrahim Babanguida, Senegal yari iyobowe na Perezida Felix Houphou�t Boigny, aba bombi bakaba baravuye ku butegetsi mu mwaka wakurikiyeho.

Muri izi ngabo kandi zari buzagenzurwe n’Umuryango Wunze Ubumwe wa Afrika OAU (Organisation de l’Unit� Africaine) harimo itsinda ry’Ingabo zari zivuye muri Zimbabwe kwa Robert Mugabe wari umwe mu bakuru b’ibihugu bafite izina ryubahwaga na benshi kubera ubwigenge yari amaze igihe gito agejeje ku gihugu cye, cyabubonye ku ya 14 Mata 1980.

Aka gahenge ariko ntikamaze igihe kuko FRP-Inkotanyi yongeye kubura imirwano ikaze ku itariki ya 08 Gashyantare 1993, ifata igice kitari gito cy’amajyaruguru y’igihugu ndetse ibice bisatira Kigali nka Rurindo na Tumba birafatwa.

Ku itariki ya 12 Gashyantare, Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wasabye impande zishyamiranye gushyira intwaro hasi, zikagana imishyikirano, ndetse FPR Inkotanyi yemera guhagarika imirwano ku ruhande rwayo, gusa Guverinoma ya MRND irabyanga kuko yasabaga ko FPR n’ingabo zayo gusubira inyuma aho zahoze nta mananiza.

Ibi byose biragusha ku kwibaza mpamvu ki uruhande ruri mu kuneshwa ku rugamba ari rwo usanga kenshi rubangamira ihagarikwa ry’imirwano nk’iko intego nyamukuru y’inkuru yacu ibivuga.

Byarinze gutegereza itariki ya 09 Werurwe 1993 kugira ngo impamde zose zirwana zumvikane ku ihagarikwa ry’imirwano, maze ku itariki ya 15 Werurwe uwo mwaka Arusha muri Tanzania ibiganiro by’amahoro ku mpande zombi biranzika.

Tugaruke ku ntambara za hafi aha, aho Guverinoma zaruciye zikarumira mu gihe zasabwaga kuganira n’abazirwanya

Ku itariki ya 03 Gashyantare 2020, inyeshyamba zibumbiye mu ishyaka TPLF ryahoze ku butegetsi muri Ethiopia zakanyujiho n’ingabo za Leta ya Ethiopia mu gihe cy’imyaka 2 yose ipfundikiye neza kuko ku wa 03 Ugushyingo 2022 ari bwo Pretoria muri Afrika y’Epfo aribwo izi mpande zarwanaga zashyize umukono ku masezerano y’amahoro ariko bigoranye.

Icyo twakwibuka ariko aha ni uko ureba ugasanga n’ubwo inyeshyamba za TPLF zashyize zikagera kuri aya masezerano, wabonaga zisa n’aho ari zo zirajwe ishinga na yo, kandi nyamara byaragaragaraga ko zashushubinyaga abasirikare ba Leta bari basumbirijwe ndetse abantu bafite imirimo muri Addis Ababa bakaba abari baratangiye kuzinga utwangushye ngo bahunge uwo mujyi urimo n’icyicaro cy’Umuryango wa Afrika Yunze Ubumwe.

Ku mpamvu zatumye ariko izi nyeshyamba zisatira Addis Ababa ntiziyifate, bamwe bemeza ko mu gihe TPLF yamaze ku butegetsi imyaka 30 byari kuba ari urukozasoni kuba yaraharaniye kubaka igihugu ku rwego Ethiopia yari igezeho ariko igahindukira ikaba ari yo igisenya, cyane gushyira hasi umujyi nka Addis Ababa uri mu ikomeye muri Afurika.

Bityo, amahitamo yajyanaga icya rimwe n’ikibatsi cy’ingabo za Leta zari zimaze kubona ibitwaro bigezweho bikaba ngo byaba biri mu byatumye uyu mutwe usubira inyuma muri Tigray. Leta ariko yakurikiranaga hafi imyitwarire y’uyu mutwe n’imbaraga zawo ntiyazuyaje kujya ku meza y’ibiganiro, ari na yo mpamvu ingufu Leta ya Abiy Ahmed yari imaze kubona zitayisunikiye gusukuma izi nyeshyamba za TPLF ngo zisange mu murwa mukuru w’Intara yabo Mekele.

Hafi aha kandi mu biyaga bigari bya Afurika, muri Republika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, guhera mu mpera za 2022 hadutse imirwano mishya hagati y’inyeshyamba za M23 na magingo aya yabuze gica mu karere ka Masisi, Rutshuru na Nyiragongo.

Ababikurikiranira hafi bavuga ko ikibuze atari ubwumvikane hagati y’impande zirwana kuko yaba M23 cyangwa imitwe yayibanjirije uyu mutwe uturukamo nka CNDP, hagiye haganirwa ku ngingo nyinshi kandi zashoboraga kugarura amahoro ariko Leta ya Kinshasa byose irabyanga, imyaka irasaga 14.

Ibyo kandi biraba ariko ku rugamba izi nyeshyamba zigaragaza imbaraga ko zimereye nabi ingabo za Leta n’ubwo nayo yakoze ku mbunda z’amoko menshi ndetse ikitabaza n’abacanshuro b’Abarusiya ariko intambara ikanga ikaba ’ndanze’.

Nkuko twatangiye tubivuga ariko, usanga kenshi na kenshi uruhande rugaragaza ingufu mu bya gisirikare ari rwo ruba ruhurumbirira inzira y’amahoro kurusha ururi gutsindwa.

Mu nkuru yacu itaha tuzarebera hamwe ikiba cyihishe inyuma y’uko kwanga kugana inzira y’ibiganiro ku baba barwana, ndetse tuzanarebera hamwe impamvu bamwe bakozwa iby’inzira yo kurambika intwaro bakitoza utunyoni, dutere akajisho ku maherezo y’abo bose baba banga ibiganiro n’uko urugero ku rundi bagiye ibyabo birangira nka nyomberi, amateka akagaragaza ko umuntu wese wanga amahoro arangirana n’ubutegetsi bwe kandi aguwe nabi hamwe n’ikipe ye bategekanaga.

Muri abo tuzabonamo abajyanama gito ndetse n’aho abagerageje kujya inama n’ingingo nziza biganisha ku mahoro hamwe bahasize ubuzima, abandi bagashyirwa mu mazu y’imbohe kubera inama nzima babaga bagiriye umutegetsi kanaka na kanaka.